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Filename : api.go
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// Copyright 2019 Prometheus Team
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package api

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"runtime"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-kit/log"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/route"

	apiv2 "github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/api/v2"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/cluster"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/config"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/dispatch"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/provider"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/silence"
	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/types"
)

// API represents all APIs of Alertmanager.
type API struct {
	v2                *apiv2.API
	deprecationRouter *V1DeprecationRouter

	requestsInFlight         prometheus.Gauge
	concurrencyLimitExceeded prometheus.Counter
	timeout                  time.Duration
	inFlightSem              chan struct{}
}

// Options for the creation of an API object. Alerts, Silences, and StatusFunc
// are mandatory to set. The zero value for everything else is a safe default.
type Options struct {
	// Alerts to be used by the API. Mandatory.
	Alerts provider.Alerts
	// Silences to be used by the API. Mandatory.
	Silences *silence.Silences
	// StatusFunc is used be the API to retrieve the AlertStatus of an
	// alert. Mandatory.
	StatusFunc func(model.Fingerprint) types.AlertStatus
	// Peer from the gossip cluster. If nil, no clustering will be used.
	Peer cluster.ClusterPeer
	// Timeout for all HTTP connections. The zero value (and negative
	// values) result in no timeout.
	Timeout time.Duration
	// Concurrency limit for GET requests. The zero value (and negative
	// values) result in a limit of GOMAXPROCS or 8, whichever is
	// larger. Status code 503 is served for GET requests that would exceed
	// the concurrency limit.
	Concurrency int
	// Logger is used for logging, if nil, no logging will happen.
	Logger log.Logger
	// Registry is used to register Prometheus metrics. If nil, no metrics
	// registration will happen.
	Registry prometheus.Registerer
	// GroupFunc returns a list of alert groups. The alerts are grouped
	// according to the current active configuration. Alerts returned are
	// filtered by the arguments provided to the function.
	GroupFunc func(func(*dispatch.Route) bool, func(*types.Alert, time.Time) bool) (dispatch.AlertGroups, map[model.Fingerprint][]string)
}

func (o Options) validate() error {
	if o.Alerts == nil {
		return errors.New("mandatory field Alerts not set")
	}
	if o.Silences == nil {
		return errors.New("mandatory field Silences not set")
	}
	if o.StatusFunc == nil {
		return errors.New("mandatory field StatusFunc not set")
	}
	if o.GroupFunc == nil {
		return errors.New("mandatory field GroupFunc not set")
	}
	return nil
}

// New creates a new API object combining all API versions. Note that an Update
// call is also needed to get the APIs into an operational state.
func New(opts Options) (*API, error) {
	if err := opts.validate(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid API options: %w", err)
	}
	l := opts.Logger
	if l == nil {
		l = log.NewNopLogger()
	}
	concurrency := opts.Concurrency
	if concurrency < 1 {
		concurrency = runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0)
		if concurrency < 8 {
			concurrency = 8
		}
	}

	v2, err := apiv2.NewAPI(
		opts.Alerts,
		opts.GroupFunc,
		opts.StatusFunc,
		opts.Silences,
		opts.Peer,
		log.With(l, "version", "v2"),
		opts.Registry,
	)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// TODO(beorn7): For now, this hardcodes the method="get" label. Other
	// methods should get the same instrumentation.
	requestsInFlight := prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
		Name:        "alertmanager_http_requests_in_flight",
		Help:        "Current number of HTTP requests being processed.",
		ConstLabels: prometheus.Labels{"method": "get"},
	})
	concurrencyLimitExceeded := prometheus.NewCounter(prometheus.CounterOpts{
		Name:        "alertmanager_http_concurrency_limit_exceeded_total",
		Help:        "Total number of times an HTTP request failed because the concurrency limit was reached.",
		ConstLabels: prometheus.Labels{"method": "get"},
	})
	if opts.Registry != nil {
		if err := opts.Registry.Register(requestsInFlight); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if err := opts.Registry.Register(concurrencyLimitExceeded); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	return &API{
		deprecationRouter:        NewV1DeprecationRouter(log.With(l, "version", "v1")),
		v2:                       v2,
		requestsInFlight:         requestsInFlight,
		concurrencyLimitExceeded: concurrencyLimitExceeded,
		timeout:                  opts.Timeout,
		inFlightSem:              make(chan struct{}, concurrency),
	}, nil
}

// Register API. As APIv2 works on the http.Handler level, this method also creates a new
// http.ServeMux and then uses it to register both the provided router (to
// handle "/") and APIv2 (to handle "<routePrefix>/api/v2"). The method returns
// the newly created http.ServeMux. If a timeout has been set on construction of
// API, it is enforced for all HTTP request going through this mux. The same is
// true for the concurrency limit, with the exception that it is only applied to
// GET requests.
func (api *API) Register(r *route.Router, routePrefix string) *http.ServeMux {
	// TODO(gotjosh) API V1 was removed as of version 0.28, when we reach 1.0.0 we should removed these deprecation warnings.
	api.deprecationRouter.Register(r.WithPrefix("/api/v1"))

	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.Handle("/", api.limitHandler(r))

	apiPrefix := ""
	if routePrefix != "/" {
		apiPrefix = routePrefix
	}
	// TODO(beorn7): HTTP instrumentation is only in place for Router. Since
	// /api/v2 works on the Handler level, it is currently not instrumented
	// at all (with the exception of requestsInFlight, which is handled in
	// limitHandler below).
	mux.Handle(
		apiPrefix+"/api/v2/",
		api.limitHandler(http.StripPrefix(apiPrefix, api.v2.Handler)),
	)

	return mux
}

// Update config and resolve timeout of each API. APIv2 also needs
// setAlertStatus to be updated.
func (api *API) Update(cfg *config.Config, setAlertStatus func(model.LabelSet)) {
	api.v2.Update(cfg, setAlertStatus)
}

func (api *API) limitHandler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
	concLimiter := http.HandlerFunc(func(rsp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
		if req.Method == http.MethodGet { // Only limit concurrency of GETs.
			select {
			case api.inFlightSem <- struct{}{}: // All good, carry on.
				api.requestsInFlight.Inc()
				defer func() {
					<-api.inFlightSem
					api.requestsInFlight.Dec()
				}()
			default:
				api.concurrencyLimitExceeded.Inc()
				http.Error(rsp, fmt.Sprintf(
					"Limit of concurrent GET requests reached (%d), try again later.\n", cap(api.inFlightSem),
				), http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
				return
			}
		}
		h.ServeHTTP(rsp, req)
	})
	if api.timeout <= 0 {
		return concLimiter
	}
	return http.TimeoutHandler(concLimiter, api.timeout, fmt.Sprintf(
		"Exceeded configured timeout of %v.\n", api.timeout,
	))
}